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[halshs-02390313] Un consensus paradoxal. Conservation des ressources hydriques et croissance économique en Arizona
Aug 14, 2022 | 03:20 am[...]
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[hal-03069179] Sentinel Territories: A New Concept for Looking at Environmental Change
Aug 5, 2022 | 14:54 pm[...]
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[halshs-03151591] People and sentinel territories: making sustainability public
Aug 5, 2022 | 14:54 pm[...]
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[halshs-02403700] Multi-level policy coalitions an interpretative model of water conflicts in the Americas
Aug 5, 2022 | 14:38 pmThis article proposes an analytical approach to conflicts and policy-making related to urban water management based on multi-level policy coalitions. This is necessary to articulate four main issues. First, the repositioning of social and political struggles for access to water, along with policy variables. Second, the analysis of the effects of ecological transition, including climate change. Third, the reincorporation of these struggles and challenges in a multi-level approach. Finally, the enquiry into the apparent contradiction, in contemporary policymaking. The article proposes a definition of multi-level coalitions as collective preference systems that influence the content of policies (ideas/advocacy, decisions, policy tools) and their implementation, groups of actors that arise from engagement in policy issues. In the first section, the article presents the objectives of research on urban water management in the Americas, within the framework of which this analytical approach by multi-level coalitions is fashioned. In the second section, the article[…]
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[halshs-01094148] Les coalitions mutiniveaux d'action publique. Un modèle interprétatif des conflits pour l'eau dans les Amériques
Aug 5, 2022 | 14:38 pmCet article propose une approche analytique des conflits et de l'action publique en matière de gestion des eaux urbaines basée sur les coalitions multi-niveaux d'action publique. Cette dernière est rendue nécessaire pour articuler quatre niveaux d’analyse : replacer les luttes sociales et politiques pour l'accès à l'eau ainsi que la variable politique au centre de l'analyse ; analyser les effets de la « transition écologique », dont le changement climatique, comme de simples enjeux sociopolitiques appropriés par les protagonistes des conflits et de l'action publique ; réintroduire ces luttes et enjeux dans une approche multi-niveaux, c'est-à-dire sortir des seules dimensions territoriales ou inversement internationales ; interroger l'apparente contradiction, dans l'action publique contemporaine, entre le renforcement de l'hétérogénéité des logiques d'action publique d'une part, et la constitution d'espaces relativement homogènes de pouvoir, de décision et d'action d'autre part. L'article propose une définition des coalitions multi-niveaux comme des systèmes de préférences collectifs[…]
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[hal-03655087] Monitoring Annual Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Tucson Metropolitan Area with Google Earth Engine (1986-2020)
Aug 5, 2022 | 14:38 pmThe Tucson metropolitan area, located in the Sonoran Desert of southeastern Arizona (USA), is affected by both massive population growth and rapid climate change, resulting in important land use and land cover (LULC) changes. As its fragile arid ecosystem and scarce resources are increasingly under pressure, there is a crucial need to monitor such landscape transformations. For such ends, we propose a method to compute yearly 30 m resolution LULC maps of the region from 1986 to 2020, using a combination of Landsat imagery, derived transformation and indices, texture analysis and other ancillary data fed to a Random Forest classifier. The entire process was hosted in the Google Earth Engine with tremendous computing capacities that allowed us to process a large amount of data and to achieve high overall classification accuracy for each year, ranging from 86.7 to 96.3%. Conservative post-processing techniques were also used to mitigate the persistent confusions[…]
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[halshs-03167308] Observer les changements via l’avifaune : perceptions des changements par les écologues et par les chercheurs en sciences sociales
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 am[...]
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[halshs-03167306] Paysages sonores. Appréhender les dynamiques des paysages et des territoires au travers des sons (de la nature)
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 am[...]
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[halshs-03151549] SONATAS (Listening to the SOunds of NATure to undersTAnd global environmental changeS)
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 am[...]
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[hal-03519243] Linking acoustic diversity to compositional and configurational heterogeneity in mosaic landscapes
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 amContext There is a long-standing quest in landscape ecology for holistic biodiversity metrics accounting for multi-taxa diversity in heterogeneous habitat mosaics. Passive acoustic monitoring of biodiversity may provide integrative indices allowing to investigate how soundscapes are shaped by compositional and configurational heterogeneity of mosaic landscapes. Objectives We tested the effects of dominant habitat and landscape heterogeneity on acoustic diversity indices across a large range of mosaic landscapes from two long-term socio-ecological research areas in Occitanie, France and Arizona, USA. Methods We assessed acoustic diversity by automated recording for 44 landscapes distributed along gradients of compositional and configurational heterogeneity. We analyzed the responses of six acoustic indices and a composite multiacoustic index to habitat type and multi-scale landscape metrics for three time periods: 24 h-diel cycles, dawns and nights. Results Landscape mosaics dominated by permanent grasslands in Occitanie and woodlands in Arizona produced the highest values of acoustic diversity. Moreover, several[…]
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[halshs-03167307] What Bird Songs Can Tell Us of Local Perceptions of Environmental Changes? A Case Study along a Gradient of Human Pressure in South Arizona
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 am[...]
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[halshs-03167310] Apports de l’écoacoustique pour l’analyse des changements temporels dans les communautés d'oiseaux nicheurs
Aug 5, 2022 | 11:58 am[...]
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[hal-01893544] Conflit environnemental et participation publique dans les zones semi-arides de l’Ouest des États-Unis : le projet minier de Rosemont (comté de Pima, Arizona)
Aug 5, 2022 | 10:40 am[...]
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[halshs-01914315] Water conflicts hydrocracy in the Americas : coalitions, networks, policies
Aug 5, 2022 | 10:40 amThis book develops an international comparative approach to water conflicts in several American cities (USA, Mexico, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia). Struggles for water can be related to different issues: increase in water prices, installation of water catchment systems, negotiations of commissioning contracts, promotion of municipal plans for water delivery, etc. Such conflicts tend to structure coalitions which, in turn, influence policy-making; they impact local orders that are embedded at multiple levels of social practices; they involve most of the environmental and political institutions of a city or a country. In order to understand how these hydrocracies work, this book proposes a new framework of analysis taking into account the beliefs of the protagonists of the conflicts, their positions in the policy networks and their social characteristics.
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[hal-03720513] ORRSO - Open Science Resource Finder
Aug 4, 2022 | 16:54 pmInforming and training the scientific community on the benefits of sharing and opening up data in order to move towards a gradual change in data management and dissemination practices are the objectives of WP1 of the SO-DRIIHM project (ANR 2020) led by the Data-DRIIHM group. In this context, it is important to take into account both researchers who are overwhelmed with information from their institutions and those who are isolated and do not benefit from any support in this area. The Data-DRIIHM group is now acting as an "Open Science Referral Service" for the entire DRIIHM community by gathering information and teaching aids, by making these resources available, and by providing the best possible support and advice to researchers.ORRSO, Open Science Resource Search Tool is dedicated to the researchers of the DRIIHM community. This tool has been designed to facilitate access to Open Science educational resources developed by universities and[…]
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[hal-03716546] The evolution of conservation plans in South Arizona: wilderness areas versus ranchers' working landscapes
Jul 29, 2022 | 11:48 amBased on an empirical survey of ranchers involvement in environmental program in Southern Arizona, this poster deals with the evolution of rangeland conservation practices in semi-arid areas. Far from the image of the American West cow boy conquering the wilderness, which some environmentalists continue to convey, it shows the commitment of ranchers in ecological practices, allowing us to question their (re)valorization as conservation entrepreneurs committed with the coproduction of ecological knowledge, in relation with ecologists, environmentalists and administrative agents. The survey shows : (1) the way in which nature conservation plans no longer valorize the planning of “wilderness areas” but rather collaborative work based on “working landscapes”; (2) the conditions for valorizing a “rancher ecology” that would contribute to the renewal of natural resource management and even more to the implementation of conservation plans a “towards sustainable communities”. This “political ecology of ranching” shows that the valorization of ranchers’ knowledge[…]
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[hal-03716552] What are the vectors of social reconnection to a dried-up urban watershed?
Jul 29, 2022 | 11:48 amThe research presented on this poster focuses on the Santa Cruz River socio-hydrosystem, a tributary of the Colorado River, located in the Southwestern United States in Arizona. Subject to anthropogenic pressures, the Santa Cruz River is an essential resource for the supply of urban areas, such as the city of Tucson in the Sonoran Desert. In the 1940s, the river dried up and became intermittent, particularly because of excessive groundwater pumping. Only during the rainy season does a surface flow appear. Today, various initiatives are carried out in the Tucson area to "bring back to life" the Santa Cruz River and thus make visible a river that had become invisible. This social reconnection is all the more important as Arizona is currently facing a period of drought and water shortage that is affecting the water supply of its residents. Through the projects studied - social network mobilization, recreational reconnection, socio-cultural[…]
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[hal-03716547] How does the local and regional socio-political context fit into the energy transition process in Pima County?
Jul 29, 2022 | 11:46 amIn Pima County, Arizona, where the consequences of global warming are particularly sensible (aridification, increasing temperatures, reduced precipitation), and where the solar potential is susbtantial, the deployment of solar energy has accelerated over the last years notably due to the county’s historically politically progressive stance on environmental matters. Tucson Electric Power (TEP), the main utility of Pima County plays an equally major role as it has recently made a public commitment to the transition with the objective of increasing the share of renewables in its energy mix from 20% today to 70% by 2035. This process of energy transition is inscribed in a complex and multi-scale network of actors, comprising of public and private sectors. Who are the protagonists of this process and what are their perceptions on the transition? How does it fit into the local and regional socio-political context?
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[halshs-03151732] SONATAS – Listening to the Sounds of NATure to understAnd environmental changeS
Jul 4, 2022 | 09:59 amSONATAS is a multidisciplinary research project aiming at grasping (i) how local communities and people perceive their landscapes and ecosystems in a context of strong mutations of societies and their environment ; and (ii) how they think about adaptation to environmental changes through their immediate sound environments, or soundscapes. The project is located in the Pima County (Arizona – USA) which is confronted to multiples sociological and environmental changes including climate warming, water scarcity or uncontrolled urbanization. Moreover, it is locally facing an important mine project with potentially strong environmental consequences. Sonatas aims to understand through sounds experiences and perceptions how the environment is locally conceived by local communities and whether it is seen as changing or immuable. Our objective is to explore how different types of ecological knowledge coexist within those communities in the context of major mutations and how people could collaborate together to face those changes.
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[hal-02463217] Bringing together local ecological knowledge, anthropology & landscape ecology to understand the impacts of socio-ecological changes on rural communities in South-western France
Jul 4, 2022 | 08:40 amBringing together local ecological knowledge, anthropology & landscape ecology to understand the impacts of socio-ecological changes on rural communities in South-western France
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