Latest publications entered or modified on HAL
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[hal-03588628] Stakeholder participation, indicators, assessment, and decision-making: applying adaptive management at the watershed scale
Climate change, population growth, and declining federal budgets are threatening the health of ecosystems, and the services they provide. Under these changing conditions, managing landscapes and resources assumes new and unprecedented challenges. Adaptive management has been identified as a natural resource management approach that allows practitioners to incorporate change and uncertainty into decision-making through an iterative process that involves long-term monitoring and continued review and adjustment of management actions. However, the success of these efforts in watershed health relies on the collective and sustained monitoring of indicators, which is seldom studied. The purpose of this analysis is to examine (1) the practical challenge of choosing a list of indicators for long-term monitoring, (2) the negotiation process among stakeholders around the selection and interpretation of indicators, and (3) the communication tools that can be used to convey the assessment’s results and findings. To do this, we analyze our ongoing work in[…]
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[hal-03790260] HYDECO Connections, disconnections and reconnections in socio-hydrosystems: Does (in)visibility make the difference?
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[hal-03754601] Monitoring Annual Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Tucson Metropolitan Area with Google Earth Engine (1986–2020)
The Tucson metropolitan area, located in the Sonoran Desert of southeastern Arizona (USA), is affected by both massive population growth and rapid climate change, resulting in important land use and land cover (LULC) changes. As its fragile arid ecosystem and scarce resources are increasingly under pressure, there is a crucial need to monitor such landscape transformations. For such ends, we propose a method to compute yearly 30 m resolution LULC maps of the region from 1986 to 2020, using a combination of Landsat imagery, derived transformation and indices, texture analysis and other ancillary data fed to a Random Forest classifier. The entire process was hosted in the Google Earth Engine that allowed us to process a large amount of data and to achieve high overall classification accuracy for each year, ranging from 86.7% to 96.3%. Conservative post-processing techniques were also used to mitigate the persistent confusions between the numerous isolated[…]
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[hal-03699978] Water Conservation in Arizona Desert Cities: A socioecological fix to the oasis lifestyle?
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[hal-03655087] Monitoring Annual Land Use/Land Cover Change in the Tucson Metropolitan Area with Google Earth Engine (1986-2020)
The Tucson metropolitan area, located in the Sonoran Desert of southeastern Arizona (USA), is affected by both massive population growth and rapid climate change, resulting in important land use and land cover (LULC) changes. As its fragile arid ecosystem and scarce resources are increasingly under pressure, there is a crucial need to monitor such landscape transformations. For such ends, we propose a method to compute yearly 30 m resolution LULC maps of the region from 1986 to 2020, using a combination of Landsat imagery, derived transformation and indices, texture analysis and other ancillary data fed to a Random Forest classifier. The entire process was hosted in the Google Earth Engine with tremendous computing capacities that allowed us to process a large amount of data and to achieve high overall classification accuracy for each year, ranging from 86.7 to 96.3%. Conservative post-processing techniques were also used to mitigate the persistent confusions[…]
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[hal-03519243] Linking acoustic diversity to compositional and configurational heterogeneity in mosaic landscapes
Context There is a long-standing quest in landscape ecology for holistic biodiversity metrics accounting for multi-taxa diversity in heterogeneous habitat mosaics. Passive acoustic monitoring of biodiversity may provide integrative indices allowing to investigate how soundscapes are shaped by compositional and configurational heterogeneity of mosaic landscapes. Objectives We tested the effects of dominant habitat and landscape heterogeneity on acoustic diversity indices across a large range of mosaic landscapes from two long-term socio-ecological research areas in Occitanie, France and Arizona, USA. Methods We assessed acoustic diversity by automated recording for 44 landscapes distributed along gradients of compositional and configurational heterogeneity. We analyzed the responses of six acoustic indices and a composite multiacoustic index to habitat type and multi-scale landscape metrics for three time periods: 24 h-diel cycles, dawns and nights. Results Landscape mosaics dominated by permanent grasslands in Occitanie and woodlands in Arizona produced the highest values of acoustic diversity. Moreover, several[…]
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[halshs-03167310] Apports de l’écoacoustique pour l’analyse des changements temporels dans les communautés d'oiseaux nicheurs
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[halshs-03167308] Observer les changements via l’avifaune : perceptions des changements par les écologues et par les chercheurs en sciences sociales
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[halshs-03167306] Paysages sonores. Appréhender les dynamiques des paysages et des territoires au travers des sons (de la nature)
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[halshs-03151732] SONATAS – Listening to the Sounds of NATure to understAnd environmental changeS
SONATAS is a multidisciplinary research project aiming at grasping (i) how local communities and people perceive their landscapes and ecosystems in a context of strong mutations of societies and their environment ; and (ii) how they think about adaptation to environmental changes through their immediate sound environments, or soundscapes. The project is located in the Pima County (Arizona – USA) which is confronted to multiples sociological and environmental changes including climate warming, water scarcity or uncontrolled urbanization. Moreover, it is locally facing an important mine project with potentially strong environmental consequences. Sonatas aims to understand through sounds experiences and perceptions how the environment is locally conceived by local communities and whether it is seen as changing or immuable. Our objective is to explore how different types of ecological knowledge coexist within those communities in the context of major mutations and how people could collaborate together to face those changes.
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[halshs-03151562] Land Cover changes as a proxy for human-environment interactions in Pima County
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[halshs-03151552] Mining territories and migrations at the Arizona/Sonora border
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[halshs-03147493] Paradoxes de la restauration d'une rivière asséchée dans le Sud-Ouest étatsunien : le cas de la Santa Cruz The paradoxes of restoring a dry river in the southwestern United States: the case of the Santa Cruz
Cet article s'intéresse aux problématiques socio-écologiques soulevées par différents modes de mise en valeur des cours d'eau et révélées par la rivière Santa Cruz, dans le sud de l'Arizona. Asséchée depuis les années 1940 du fait de la surexploitation de la nappe phréatique, et délaissée par les habitants comme par les autorités locales, elle fait aujourd'hui l'objet de multiples efforts pour tenter de la faire renaître, notamment grâce au rejet d'effluents. À travers cet exemple, il s'agit d'interroger les fonctions et la place accordée à un cours d'eau, dans une région semi-aride fortement urbanisée et soumise à des pressions croissantes sur la ressource en eau. Le regain d'intérêt pour la Santa Cruz s'inscrit dans l'évolution des paradigmes de gestion de l'eau, qui cherchent à intégrer de plus en plus de solutions alternatives pour sécuriser l'approvisionnement. Il démontre aussi une logique de renouvellement de l'image d'oasis pour la ville de Tucson,[…]
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[hal-02463217] Bringing together local ecological knowledge, anthropology & landscape ecology to understand the impacts of socio-ecological changes on rural communities in South-western France
Bringing together local ecological knowledge, anthropology & landscape ecology to understand the impacts of socio-ecological changes on rural communities in South-western France
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[hal-02433573] L'extractivisme minier "depuis le Nord". Exploitations, régulations et oppositions dans le Copper State d'Arizona
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[halshs-02403700] Multi-level policy coalitions an interpretative model of water conflicts in the Americas
This article proposes an analytical approach to conflicts and policy-making related to urban water management based on multi-level policy coalitions. This is necessary to articulate four main issues. First, the repositioning of social and political struggles for access to water, along with policy variables. Second, the analysis of the effects of ecological transition, including climate change. Third, the reincorporation of these struggles and challenges in a multi-level approach. Finally, the enquiry into the apparent contradiction, in contemporary policymaking. The article proposes a definition of multi-level coalitions as collective preference systems that influence the content of policies (ideas/advocacy, decisions, policy tools) and their implementation, groups of actors that arise from engagement in policy issues. In the first section, the article presents the objectives of research on urban water management in the Americas, within the framework of which this analytical approach by multi-level coalitions is fashioned. In the second section, the article[…]
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[halshs-02390313] Un consensus paradoxal. Conservation des ressources hydriques et croissance économique en Arizona
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[halshs-02357349] L'espace et l'eau, variables clés de la croissance urbaine dans le Sud-Ouest des États-Unis : le cas de Tucson et du Pima County (Arizona)
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[halshs-01914315] Water conflicts hydrocracy in the Americas : coalitions, networks, policies
This book develops an international comparative approach to water conflicts in several American cities (USA, Mexico, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia). Struggles for water can be related to different issues: increase in water prices, installation of water catchment systems, negotiations of commissioning contracts, promotion of municipal plans for water delivery, etc. Such conflicts tend to structure coalitions which, in turn, influence policy-making; they impact local orders that are embedded at multiple levels of social practices; they involve most of the environmental and political institutions of a city or a country. In order to understand how these hydrocracies work, this book proposes a new framework of analysis taking into account the beliefs of the protagonists of the conflicts, their positions in the policy networks and their social characteristics.
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[hal-01787076] Uncertainty in the Uses of the Notion of Socio-Ecological Systems
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